The process of data acquisition is known as signal processing. This acquisition is done by an instrument which is known as the signal conditioner. There is a conversion of signals that happened in this process. The signal conditioner converts the signal from one form such as electrical or mechanical to another form. The input signal is converted into the output signal in the signal conditioning process. Now the question may arise why do we need to convert the input signal into an output signal? The simple answer is that the signal needs to be amplified. This amplification helps the signal to ...
What is BGA (ball grid array)? Ball grid array (BGA) is used in integrated circuits for circuit mount packaging. Ball grid arrays are used when we need to mount the devices permanently such as mini processors. The connections are made on the bottom of the SMD ball grid arrays. A solder ball is present on every single pin. A uniform circuit for the grid is also made on the circuit for better connection. The size of this grid varies from 1.27mm to 1.0mm. Although there are hundreds and thousands of component connections present on each layer, the number of routable pins ...
Printed circuit boards [1] are a crucial part of any electronic device and help in making devoice more valuable. Whether it's a laptop, mobile, or a piece of complex machinery you can find a printed circuit board almost everywhere. Because this is responsible for the overall functionality of the device. If there are some issues with the printed circuit board then surely it will affect the functionality of the end product. The final product can have inconvenience and malfunctions. This will require more time and resources because the manufacturers have to recall the entire device again. This is the key reason ...
The high-frequency PCB material is based on using a synthetic thermoplastic fluoropolymer which has an excellent dielectric property at different smaller microwave frequencies. For the design of PCB circuits with microwave frequencies, important characterizations that determine laminate circuit performance include dielectric constant (DK), dissipation factor (Df), thermal expansion coefficient (CTE), thermal dielectric constant coefficient (TCDk), and thermal conductivity. The most known high-frequency material for users of PCB laminates may be polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), a synthetic thermoplastic fluoropolymer with outstanding dielectric characteristics at microwave frequencies. PCB applications include RF antenna, WiFi (Carrier-Green and Licensed Access), IP infrastructure, power amplifiers, diplexers/multiplexers, testing, measurement, etc. It ...
Introduction On a slightly less romantic level, it would not be feasible to have such a standard laptop or mobile phone without flexible print circuit technology, which enables components to be linked electrically, in a dynamic, three-dimensional fashion. Flexible circuit technology has a long history that dates back over 100 years. The early patent activity emphasizes the fact that inventions such as Thomas Edison, Frank Sprague, and others in the early twentieth century experimented on ideas for flexible circuit materials and designs that were only used on a commercial basis in recent decades. Background Flexible printed circuits (FPCs) are the heart and soul ...